Sports

College, Sports, University of Minnesota - Duluth

UMD’s Laura Bellamy Promoted to Associate Head Coach of Women’s Hockey Team

The Duluth native has spent the past four seasons with the team.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – The UMD women’s hockey team has promoted assistant coach Laura Bellamy to associate head coach. The Duluth native has spent the past four seasons with head coach Maura Crowell, helping the Bulldogs to a 70–60–14 record in that time. The Denfeld alum has also served as a coach for the U.S. Women’s National Team Goaltending Development Camp,…
College, Sports, University of Minnesota - Duluth

Senior Trio, Junior Duo Named Captains on 2019 UMD Football Team

Seniors Bill Atkins, Isaac Erdmann and Tom Johnson, as well as juniors John Larson and Johnny McCormick will don the C's on their jerseys this upcoming season.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – The UMD football team announced their team captains for the 2019 season. Seniors Bill Atkins, Isaac Erdmann and Tom Johnson, as well as juniors John Larson and Johnny McCormick will don the C’s on their jerseys this upcoming season. Atkins, Erdmann and Johnson were stellar for the Bulldogs’ top-ranked defense, with each earning All-NSIC Second Team honors….
Professional Sports, Sports

Hibbing Native Deion Harris Signs with Washington Redskins

Harris took part in rookie mini-camp with the Green Bay Packers before ultimately signing with Washington.
Sam Ali,

HIBBING, Minn. – A recent study showed that 0.08 percent of high school football players go on to play in the NFL. For a former Northland football player, he has beat the odds in order to achieve his dreams. Earlier this week, the Washington Redskins announced that they have signed Hibbing native Deion Harris as an undrafted free agent. Harris…
Community, Entertainment, Features, Great Outdoors, Links, Minnesota, News, News - Latest News, Weather in the News, Wisconsin

Superior Pursuits Charter Fishing on Lake Superior

Great Outdoors: Family Fishing On Lake Superior For Novice & Expert on the Elixir
Brittney Merlot,

TWIN PORTS, Minn. — With Lake Superior on our doorstep, the urge to fish on it, is quite high! It can get expensive having a boat, buying the gear you need and knowing exactly where the fish will bite. For this week’s Great Outdoors, forget all of that, because we are joining an expert with a huge passion to fish…
High School, Sports

Hilltoppers Baseball Knock Off Rails for 11th Straight Win

The Duluth Marshall baseball team scored four runs in the bottom of the fifth to pull away from Proctor.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – The Proctor baseball team kept things close early on, but a four-run fifth inning would be the difference as Duluth Marshall doubled up the Rails 6-3 Tuesday night at Wade Stadium. Tyler Johnson finished 2 for 3 at the plate with two RBI. Peter Hansen also chipped in with a run scored and an RBI to help…
High School, Sports

Prep Softball: Hilltoppers, Spartans Win Big; Greyhounds Fall at Home

Mady Stariha threw a perfect game, her third no-hitter of the season, as Superior defeated Duluth Denfeld 10-0.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – Mady Stariha threw a perfect game, her second of the year and third no-hitter, while striking out eight as Superior defeated Duluth Denfeld 10-0 in five innings. The Spartans scored four in the second and five in the third to get the win. Ruby Moore went 2-for-2 with two runs scored Autumn Siers, Stariha, McKenzie Lehto and…
College, Sports

Saints’ Sande Named UMAC Pitcher of the Year, Kemp Earns COY Honors

The UMAC announced their end-of-the-season awards Tuesday afternoon.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – St. Scholastica’s Jake Sande was named Pitcher of the Year and Corey Kemp was named Coach of the Year, the UMAC announced today. Sande made six appearances in conference play, picking up wins in five of those. During the regular season, Sande had a 0.00 era, allowing just one unearned run and held opponents to a .184…
College, Sports

Lumberjacks’ Jake Schramm Named UMAC Rookie of the Year

The freshman led the conference in batting average and was third in hits.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – Northland College’s Jake Schramm took home UMAC Rookie of the Year honors. The stud infielder led the conference in batting average and ranks 19th in all of Division III. He also ranked third in hits and ninth in on–base percentage. Schramm finished his freshman campaign with nine multi-hit games against UMAC opponents. Categories: College, Sports
High School, Sports

Prep Softball: Rails Walk Off Against Panthers; Hawks Hang on Against Blue Devils

Proctor defeated South Ridge 3-2 in extras while Hermantown hung on for the 3-2 win over Virginia.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – In prep softball action, Proctor and South Ridge were scoreless until the eighth inning. The Panthers scored two in the top of the eighth, but the Rails responded. Erin Hawk hit a game-tying 2 RBI double, then Payton Rodberg scored the game-winner on a wild pitch to give Proctor the 3-2 win. Proctor got a big win…
High School, Sports

Hawks Baseball Hangs On Against Golden Bears

Hermantown jumped out to an early lead and then was able to hang on late for the win.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – The Hermantown baseball team scored early and often to take a 5-0 lead after three. Eveleth-Gilbert rallied to make things close, but the Hawks would hang on in the end to get the 7-6 win over the Golden Bears. Hermantown will hit the road and play at Princeton on Tuesday while Eveleth-Gilbert will play at Littlefork-Big Falls…
College, Sports, University of Minnesota - Duluth

Bulldogs’ Kohlwey Defends NSIC Outdoor Titles on Graduation Day

Danielle Kohlwey took home first in both the 100-meter hurdle and 200-meter run.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – Malosky Stadium hosted the NSIC Outdoor Track and Field Championships this past weekend, making it the first time UMD has hosted a league track event since 2007. Senior hurdler Danielle Kohlwey walked during UMD’s commencement ceremony Saturday morning, then ran over to compete in three events. Kohlwey said the events of the whole day was an unbelievable experience….
High School, Northern Star, Professional Sports, Sports

Northern Star: Andrew Standfield

For this week's Northern Star, we learn about a local powerlifter who was born with a rare genetic disorder.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – Next month, Andrew Standfield will be representing Team USA at the International Powerlifting Federation World Championships in Helsingborg, Sweden. But how we got to this point has put as much strain on his body as the weights he trains with. “They noticed during an ultrasound that his belly was bigger than his head. They were like, “OK…
Sports

Hibbing United FC Wins First Ever Game

Hibbing United FC hosted Hayward United SC in its first ever game and got the close win.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – Hibbing United FC played in its first ever game on Saturday afternoon and defeated Hayward United SC 4-3. Categories: Sports
Sports

Bluegreens Score Two Late, Draw With Twinstars

Damiá Viader scored the first goal for Duluth FC.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – Down 1-0 at the half, Duluth FC scored two goals late against Minnesota Twinstars FC to end in a 2-2 draw. Damiá Viader scored the first goal for the Bluegreens, then the Twinstars scored an own-goal during extra time. Duluth FC hits the road next Saturday to play Dakota Fusion FC. Categories: Sports
College, Sports

Yellowjackets Baseball Season Ends in UMAC Championship to Vikings

Braedn Barr hit a solo home run in his final collegiate game.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – The Wisconsin-Superior baseball team’s impressive run in the UMAC Tournament came to an end on Saturday, as Bethany Lutheran got the 7-2 win to win its second straight UMAC Championship. The Yellowjackets needed to win the first game for a chance to win it all, but they could not muster up enough offense to get the win….
Coaches Corner, Friday Night Frenzy, High School, Sports

Coaches Corner: Duluth Marshall Baseball

For this week's Coaches Corner, we spoke with the Duluth Marshall baseball team who's having another dominate season.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – For this week’s segment, we sit down with Duluth Marshall baseball head coach Joe Wicklund, shortstop Peter Hansen and second baseman Maddux Baggs, discussing their strong start to the season, winning for of their last five games in five innings, and their confidence level going into the playoffs. The Hilltoppers will play at Breck on Saturday and…
College, Sports

Yellowjackets’ Epic Comeback Sends Them to UMAC Title Game

Wisconsin-Superior surprised everyone as they will play in the UMAC championship game on Saturday.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – The Wisconsin-Superior baseball team pulled off a ninth-inning comeback to knock off Northwestern 6-3 Friday night at Wade Stadium to punch their ticket to the UMAC title game. After falling in their second game to Bethany Luthern, the Wisconsin-Superior baseball team were forced to play an elimination game against Northwestern. The Eagles took a 3-2 lead into…
Friday Night Frenzy, High School, Sports

Hunters Softball Outlasts Greyhounds

Duluth Denfeld hung on to defeat Duluth East in dramatic fashion.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – In their second meeting of the season, it was another offensive onslaught as Duluth Denfeld hung on for the 10-9 win. The Hunters beat the Greyhounds 15-13 earlier in the season. The Greyhounds will host Bemidji on Tuesday while the Hunters will play a doubleheader at Chisago Lakes on Monday, playing St. Francis in the first game…
College, Sports

Saints Baseball Season Ends at UMAC Tournament

The St. Scholastica baseball team couldn't get going as they fall to Northwestern.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – After a rough start to the UMAC tournament against Wisconsin-Superior, the St. Scholastica baseball team couldn’t bounce back as they fell to Northwestern 6-2 Friday afternoon at Wade Stadium, bringing a shocking end to their season. The Saints left 10 runners on base and stranded 19 for the entire tournament. In his final collegiate game, Jake Fuerniss…
Active Adventures, Community, Education, Entertainment, Features, Minnesota, News, News - Latest News, Weather in the News

Tips To Hook The Big Walleye

ACTIVE ADVENTURES: Minnesota Fishing Opener Walleye Fishing Tips
Brittney Merlot,

DULUTH, Minn. — In this weeks Active Adventures I caught up with Captain Parker, the owner and fishing guide at Superior Pursuits. He gave us a few tips on how to catch that big walleye this weekend. We’re talking bait, tactics and location. Check it out! Categories: Active Adventures, Community, Education, Entertainment, Features, Minnesota, News, News – Latest News, Weather…
Professional Sports, Sports

Twin Ports Norsemen Unveil New Uniforms

The team were also joined by former Vikings quarterback Tommy Kramer.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – Some football news now as the Twin Ports Norsemen will open their upcoming season this weekend in St. Cloud. And what better way to hype up the fans than by revealing the new uniforms. The team held a special fundraiser across multiple locations in the area with a uniform reveal at the Player’s Sports Bar in Duluth….
High School, Sports

Rails Softball Battle Back to Top Hunters

Proctor would get the road win over Duluth Denfeld 8-4.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – In a game that went back and forth, Proctor would hang on for the road win over Duluth Denfeld 8-4 Thursday afternoon at Wade Field. The Rails opened the game with a 2-0 lead. The Hunters would score four runs in the fourth to take the lead. But Proctor would battle back to take the lead and…
College, Sports

Yellowjackets Stun Saints on Opening Day of UMAC Baseball Tournament

The Wisconsin-Superior baseball team was able to come away with a key win over St. Scholastica.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – Cory Albertson got things started off with a two-run home run in the first inning as the Wisconsin-Superior baseball team knocked off top-seeded St. Scholastica 6-3 on the opening day of the UMAC tournament Thursday night at Wade Stadium. Six different Yellowjackets scored on the night, while Braedan Barr was the only one to have multiple hits….
High School, Sports

Rails Baseball Top Panthers in Snow-Shortened Game

Zach Gunderson kept South Ridge off the board to get the win for Proctor.
Sam Ali,

PROCTOR, Minn. – Zach Gunderson finished with 12 strikeouts as the Proctor baseball team blanked South Ridge 1-0 in five innings Wednesday afternoon at Egerdahl Field. The game was called due to snow. Gunderson allowed just one hit to the Panthers and also had two of the Rails’ four hits on the day, as well as scoring the deciding run…
College, Sports

Saints Look to Recapture UMAC Crown, ‘Jackets Aiming for Upsets

UWS will open the tourney against Crown and the winner will face CSS in the semi-finals.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – The college baseball regular season is over and done. But now it’s playoff time and with that comes a lot of drama. The UMAC baseball tourney begins Thursday at Wade Stadium as St. Scholastica won their 23rd straight regular season title. But for the first time in over two decades, the Saints will not be the reigning…
Great Outdoors, News, News - Latest News

Volunteers Pitch in To Clean Up Enger Park

With 129 parks and about 11,000 acres, Duluth needs some volunteer help getting the parks ready for the summer tourism season.
Katharine Huntley,

DULUTH, Minn. – Duluth Parks and Recreation crews are pushing ahead to prepare the city parks for the summer season. With 129 parks and about 11,000 acres, Duluth needs some volunteer help getting the parks ready for the summer tourism season. Volunteers met up with parks and recreation employees to help clean up  at Enger Park. School groups and volunteers…
College, Sports, University of Minnesota - Duluth

North Dakota State Eliminates UMD Men’s Lacrosse from MCLA Tournament

The Bison knock off the Bulldogs for the second straight year.
Sam Ali,

SALT LAKE CITY, Utah – For the second straight year, the UMD men’s lacrosse team fell at the hands of North Dakota State as the Bison defeated the Bulldogs 17-14 in the MCLA quarterfinals. Bulldogs led 13-11 going into the fourth quarter, but the Bison dominated the final frame, outscoring UMD 6-1. Categories: College, Sports, University of Minnesota – Duluth
High School, Sports

Wolfpack Boys Lacrosse Pick Up Road Win over Stealth

The Duluth boys lacrosse team improve to 7-1 on the season.
Sam Ali,

PROCTOR, Minn. – Jayden Erie led the way with four goals as the Duluth boys lacrosse team defeated Hermantown/Proctor 11-6 Tuesday night at Egerdahl Field. James Holak and Jackson Hill each chipped in with two goals to help the Wolfpack improve to 7-1 on the season. Categories: High School, Sports
High School, Sports

Prep Softball: Hawks Hang on Against Rails; Hunters Win Big Against Hilltoppers

Proctor rallied late but Hermantown was able to hang on while Duluth Denfeld defeated Duluth Marshall.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – In a battle of Duluth, Denfeld struck early to get the 12-5 win over Marshall. In other softball action, Hermantown jumped out to an early lead over Proctor and had a 5-0 lead going into the sixth. Proctor would score three runs, then Payton Rodberg hit a solo home run in the top of the seventh to…
College, Sports, University of Minnesota - Duluth

Bulldogs Softball Set to Take on Top-Seed Central Oklahoma in NCAA Tourney

The UMD softball team is aiming to string together some upsets like last season.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – The UMD softball team hit the road Tuesday with a mission on their minds. The Bulldogs are heading back to the tournament with a tall task at hand as they will face Central Oklahoma, the top seed in the tourney and the number one team in the country. But remember, this team had similarly low expectations last…
College, Sports

Saints’ Patten Earns 300 Wins With Men’s Tennis Program

Patten is in his 23rd season with St. Scholastica and is leading the men to their first ever NCAA Tournament berth.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – As both St. Scholastica tennis teams won the UMAC Tournament Championship over the weekend, while the win gave the men their first ever NCAA Tournament berth, it also gave head coach Wells Pattten his 300th win coaching the men’s program. Patten is in his 23rd season with the Saints and has led the men to 23 UMAC regular…
High School, Sports

Greyhounds Walk Off Against Hawks

Duluth East got the 14-13 home win.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – Nick Allen hit a walk-off in the bottom of the seventh to get the Duluth East baseball team the 14-13 win over Hermantown Monday afternoon. Drew Grindahl led the Greyhounds with four RBI. Reece Fish knocked in five runs for the Hawks. The Greyhounds (7-2) will play at Forest Lake on Friday while the Hawks (3-4) will…
College, Sports, University of Minnesota - Duluth

Bulldogs Softball Makes Second Straight NCAA Tournament Appearance

UMD is the No. 8 seed in the central region and will play No. 1 Seed University of Central Oklahoma in the first round.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – The UMD softball team is officially in the NCAA Tournament. The Bulldogs were knocked out of the NSIC Tournament on Friday and earned an at–large bid, they learned Monday morning during the selection show. The Bulldogs are the No. 8 seed in the central region and will play No.1 seed University of Central Oklahoma in the first…
College, Sports, University of Minnesota - Duluth

Bulldogs Lacrosse Advance to Second Round of MCLA Tourney

The UMD men's lacrosse team picked up a win in the first round.
Sam Ali,

SALT LAKE CITY, Utah – A 5-0 start to the game sealed the deal for the UMD men’s lacrosse team as they knocked off Bridgewater State 15-7 in the first round of the MCLA DII tournament. Marcus Olson led the Bulldogs with four goals while Jared Johnson and Scott McNamara each chipped in with two goals. Blake Nastrom was solid…
College, Sports

Yellowjackets’ Nick Bursik Earns UMAC Coach of the Year Honors

Bursik takes home Coach of the Year honors in his first year with the team.
Sam Ali,

SUPERIOR, Wis. – Wisconsin-Superior softball interim head coach Nick Bursik was named Coach of the Year by the UMAC Monday afternoon. Bursik, who also serves as the athletic director at UWS, led the Yellowjackets to their second straight runner-up finish in the regular season. The team finished second in slugging and RBI, and the pitching staff recorded a 2.20 ERA…
College, Sports

Saints’ Maggie Schley Named UMAC Softball Player of the Year

The senior helped St. Scholastica finish 12-4 within the UMAC.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – St. Scholastica senior Maggie Schley was named UMAC Player of the Year Monday afternoon. Schley dominated the conference at the plate and on the mound. She led the UMAC in RBI with 26 in league play and recorded nine multi-hit games. And as a pitcher, Schley recorded seven wins and ERA of 1.76. She also finished with…
High School, Northern Star, Sports

Northern Star: Mady Stariha

For this week's segment, we feature a Superior softball player who's taking her talents across the bridge for college.
Claudia Chakamian,

SUPERIOR, Wis. – Superior softball is off to another strong season and a key reason for that is senior pitcher Mady Stariha. “She’s definitely one of the leaders and they all look up to her,” Superior head coach Mike Sather said. Stariha is 11–1 on the season, has allowed just 10 earned runs and has struck out 109 batters, which…
Sports

BlueGreens Shut Out Thunder in Season Opener

Ronaldo Fortune and Caryle Junior scored the two goals for Duluth FC.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – Soccer is officially back in the Northland as the reigning Midwest Region champions Duluth FC held its season opener at Duluth East on Sunday. The BlueGreens picked up right where they left off last year, getting the 2-0 win over Sioux Falls Thunder FC. Ronaldo Fortune and Caryle Junior scored the two goals for Duluth FC. The…
College, Sports, University of Minnesota - Duluth

Bulldogs Sweep Beavers to End Regular Season

UMD ends the season 16-33, 12-24 in NSIC play.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – The UMD baseball team ended the regular season in a big way, sweeping Saturday’s doubleheader 12-2 and 4-3. The Bulldogs took three of four from the Beavers in the weekend series. In game one, the Bulldogs scored early and often to get in front and seal the win. McCale Peterson went 3-for-3 with 3 RBI while Eric…
High School, Sports

Prep Baseball: Hilltoppers Dominate Irish in Class AA State Title Game Rematch

Duluth Marshall got its revenge against Maple Lake in a big way.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – In the Class AA state title game rematch, Duluth Marshall got its revenge against Maple Lake, dominate the Irish to get the 11-1 win in five innings. Ben Pedersen threw a complete game, allowing just one earned run (in the first inning) while striking out nine and also hit a bases clearing triple in the bottom of…
College, Sports

Saints Tennis Dominates Eagles, Wins UMAC Championships

Both St. Scholastica tennis teams got 8-1 wins over Northwestern to win the UMAC Tournament Championships.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – The UMAC tennis championships featured familiar faces as both St. Scholastica and Northwestern tennis teams faced each other, but the Saints dominated as bot the men and women won the UMAC tournament title with 8-1 wins. For the Saints women, this is their third straight UMAC tournament title and 20th overall. Katelyn Rice won her singles match…
Friday Night Frenzy, High School, Sports

Oredockers Baseball Come Back on Lumberjacks

The Ashland baseball team picked up a road win over Cloquet.
Sam Ali,

CLOQUET, Minn. – It took a comeback effort for the Ashland baseball team to get the road win over Cloquet 11-5 Friday night at Mettner Field. The Lumberjacks jumped out to a 4-0 lead early on, but the Oredockers would battle back to pick up the win. Categories: Friday Night Frenzy, High School, Sports
Coaches Corner, Friday Night Frenzy, Sports

Coaches Corner: Duluth FC

For this week's segment, we sit down with Duluth FC before they open their season on Sunday afternoon.
Claudia Chakamian,

DULUTH, Minn. – For this week’s coaches corner, we talk with Duluth FC. We sit down with head coach Joel Person and forward Joe Watt and talk about the excitement of getting this season started and what kind of players make up this year’s roster. Duluth FC opens its season at home against Sioux Falls Thunder FC on Sunday at…
Friday Night Frenzy, High School, Sports

Prep Lacrosse: Wolfpack Boys Improve to 6-1; Wolfpack, Stealth Girls Fall at Home

The Duluth boys lacrosse team continued their hot streak at home.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – Jackson Hill led the way with six goals as the Duluth boys lacrosse team blasted Tartan 14-2 Friday night at Public Schools Stadium. And in girls action, the Duluth girls lacrosse team fell at home to Coon Rapids 17-12 and the Hermantown/Proctor girls were defeated by New Prague 13-7. Categories: Friday Night Frenzy, High School, Sports
College, Sports, University of Minnesota - Duluth

UMD Lacrosse Aims to Bring Home First Ever National Title

The Bulldogs will open the tourney Monday against Bridgewater State.
Sam Ali,

DULUTH, Minn. – One team that has flown under the radar this spring is the UMD men’s lacrosse team. The Bulldogs captured their first conference title since 2015 and their 19th in the past 24 years. But if you wanted to chat with them before they leave for the Division II national tournament, you’ll have to be up very early….
College, Sports, University of Minnesota - Duluth

NSIC Tournament Run Ends for UMD Softball

The Bulldogs were ousted by 6th-ranked Winona State.
Sam Ali,

ROCHESTER, Minn. – The UMD softball team made to the second day of the NSIC tournament. After picking up a win over Southwest Minnesota State, the Bulldogs needed a win against sixth-ranked Winona State. But the Warriors took care of business as they eliminated the Bulldogs 8-1, thanks to a six-run fifth inning. Sammi Sadler scored the lone run for…
Active Adventures, Community, Entertainment, Features, Health, Links, Minnesota, News, News - Latest News, Weather in the News, Wisconsin

Punch & Kick Your Way to Happiness & Health with Kickboxing in the Northland!

ACTIVE ADVENTURES: 9Round Kickboxing 30-Minute Intense Workout
Brittney Merlot,

DULUTH, Minn. — Life stressing you out? Does the cooler weather make you upset? Then it’s time to PUNCH IT OUT at Duluth’s 9 Round kickboxing program in this week’s Active Adventures with Fox 21’s Brittney Merlot! 9Round is a kickboxing themed fitness program that incorporates a functional, interval, cardiovascular and circuit training regimens. The program consists of a proprietary…
High School, Sports

Prep Softball: Spartans Sweep Mustangs, Bluejackets Hang On For Road Win

Superior softball had no trouble with Menomonie while Hibbing got the road win over Duluth Denfeld.
Sam Ali,

SUPERIOR, Wis. – Senior pitcher Mady Stariha threw her second no-hitter of the season as the Superior softball team swept Menomonie Thursday night at the NBC Spartan Sports Complex. In game one, Stariha held the Mustangs to no hits and struck out 11 batters and even chipped in with a three-run home run in the first inning. Elise DeGaef also…